Ntawm cov oxides-sileous oxides, alumina muaj qhov kub tshuab, muaj cov nqi ntawm thaj chaw me me, cov khoom siv ntau lawm, uas tau siv ntau ntau hauv catalysis, Tshuaj Nrog Yeeb Tshuaj, Adsorption thiab lwm thaj teb, xws li kev tawg, tab sis nws yuav siv ncaj qha rau kev ua lag luam, tab sis nws yuav cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm alumina, kev pabcuam lub neej thiab xaiv ntawm catalyst. Piv txwv li, hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua pa ntawm cov pa roj ntsha, cov pa roj ntxiv los ntawm cov blockage ntawm catalyst pores, yog li txo cov kev ua si ntawm catalyst. Surfactant tuaj yeem siv los kho tus qauv ntawm alumina cov cab kuj los tsim ma.improve nws cov kev ua haujlwm catalytic.
MA tau muaj cov nyhuv txwv, thiab cov hlau ua haujlwm tau ua haujlwm tau ua rau tom qab qhov kev kub siab ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab qhov siab calcination, Mes Sketon tau vau, thiab lub xeev acidity, thiab cov saum npoo acidity, thiab cov saum npoo acidity, thiab cov saum npoo acidity, thiab cov saum npoo acidity, thiab cov saum npoo acidity, thiab cov saum npoo acidity, thiab lub sab saum toj tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li nws cov kev xav tau nyob hauv thaj teb ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Kev hloov kho kev hloov kho feem ntau xav tau los txhim kho cov kev ua si catalytic, cov qauv keeb kwm hluav taws xob muaj xws li, zn, PT, PT, ZR, thiab lwm yam. ) Thiab hlau oxides (Tiio2, Nio, Co3o4, teo, re2o, re2o7, thiab lwm yam) thauj mus rau hauv lub cev pob txha.
Lub hauv paus hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ua kom muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua hluav taws xob, thiab siv cov ntaub ntawv catalalictic, cov ntaub ntawv sib nqus, cov ntaub ntawv adsorption thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib nqus. Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua tau kho Mesoporized tuaj yeem hloov kho acid (alkali tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv khib nyiab thiab cov pa hluav taws xob thiab cov pa hluav taws xob tsis haum Kuj ntawm catalysts. Hauv daim ntawv no, tsis muaj lub ntiaj teb kev hloov kho hauv ntiaj teb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm MA yuav qhia tau txhawm rau txhim kho catalytic kev ua tau zoo, oxygen cia muaj peev xwm, thaj chaw muaj kab mob.
1 ma npaj
1.1 Npaj Alumina Cab
Qhov kev npaj qauv ntawm Alumina Carrier txiav txim siab nws cov qauv kev faib khoom, thiab nws cov qauv kev npaj muaj xws li pseudo-boehdroation thiab sol-gel txoj kev. PSUEUROBEHMITE (PB) yog thawj zaug thov los ntawm Calvet, thiab H + tau tshaj tawm pepto Raws li cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv, feem ntau tau muab faib ua cov qauv dej nag lossis cov kab mob roj carbon monoxide thiab kuj cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv.
PB feem ntau yog npaj los ntawm txoj kev nag lossis daus. Alkali tau ntxiv rau hauv cov kev daws teeb meem lossis cov kua qaub tau ntxiv rau hauv cov kev sib txawv thiab cov daus los ua ntej nag lossis daus (alkali daus, uas yog tom qab ntawd ntxuav, qhuav thiab calcined kom tau pb. Cov kev txav los nag pem yog yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm thiab qis hauv ntau yam (daws teeb meem los ntawm ntau yam kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam.). Thiab qhov kev mob ntawd kom tau txais kev cuam tshuam zoo dua. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem carbonation, al (Oh) 3is tau txais los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm CO2nd NaLo2, thiab PB tuaj yeem tau txais kev laus. Cov qauv no muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, tsis muaj kuab paug zoo thiab muaj peev xwm npaj alumina nrog cov peev txheej tsis muaj peev xwm thiab tus nqi qis, thiab siab rov qab. Feem ntau siv Los npaj siab-purity pb. Allexes alkoxide yog hydrolyzed los ua cov qauv txhuas oxide monoStRated loj, uas muaj kev faib tawm zoo thiab muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev sib npaug. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem yog cov nyom, thiab nws nyuaj rau kev siv tau ntawm qee yam kuab lom organic.
Ib qho ntxiv, inorganic ntsev lossis cov organic sib txuas ntawm cov hlau siv rau kev daws teeb meem los tsim cov kev daws teeb meem los tsim cov kev daws teeb meem kom tsim sol, uas yog tom qab ntawd gelled, qhuav thiab ci. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem npaj ntawm alumina tseem tau txhim kho raws txoj kev ua lub cev qhuav dej, thiab kev tiv thaiv carbonity thiab ib puag ncig kev tiv thaiv. Vim tias nws zoo li ib yam kev faib tawm loj me me, uas yog cov qauv muaj peev xwm, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau txhim kho kom paub cov ntawv thov kev lag luam paub.
1.2 ma npaj
Pa Alumina tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li kev ua haujlwm, yog li nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau npaj siab ma. Cov hau hluav taws xob feem ntau suav nrog: nano-casting txoj kev nrog carbon pwm li cov qauv sib zog; Synthesis ntawm SDA: evaporation-indive tus txheej txheem sib dhos ntawm tus kheej (Eisa) nyob rau hauv muaj cov templates mos xws li SDA thiab lwm yam cationic, anionic semfactants.
1.2.1 Eisa txheej txheem
Tus mos mos yog siv rau hauv acidic mob, uas zam rau kev nyuaj thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab tuaj yeem paub cov kev hloov pauv tsis ua haujlwm ntawm aperture. Kev npaj ntawm ma los ntawm Eisa tau nyiam ntau ntau vim tias nws tau yooj yim txaus thiab reproducibility. Cov qauv mesopous sib txawv tuaj yeem npaj tau. Lub pore me me ntawm ma tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev hloov lub pob zeb hydrothobic hauv kev daws teeb meem. thaj tsam ma thiab kom mesoporous alumina (Oma), tau siv rau ntau yam khoom muag (tshuaj yej), xws li organoalanum precursors, xws li txhuas alkoxides thiab cov qauv tshuaj , feem ntau ua ooprophofokas thiab pМ3, rau muab cov txheej txheem mesoS thiab tso cai rau kev txhim kho ntawm mesophase tsim los ntawm solarchas hauv sol.
Hauv cov txheej txheem Eisa, kev siv cov tshuaj uas tsis yog a ethanol) thiab cov kab mob ua kom qeeb ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm hydrolygy thiab ntxias tus kheej ntawm Oma cov ntaub ntawv, xws li al (lossis) 3and Aluminium isoproppe. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv tsis-aqueous volvile volvents, surfactant templates feem ntau plam lawv hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim kev ncua ntawm cov khoom siv hydrolysis thiab cov khoom nruab nrab, cov khoom nruab nrab muaj cov pab pawg hydrophobic, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev cuam tshuam nrog surfactant template. Tsuas yog thaum lub concentration ntawm surfactant thiab cov qib ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kheej-sib dhos ntawm template thiab aluminium coj qhov chaw. Yog li ntawd ntau yam tsis cuam tshuam ntawm cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov, thiab lwm yam, yuav cuam tshuam rau lub rooj sib txoos sib dhos zaum kawg. Raws li qhia hauv Daim Duab. 1, Oma cov ntaub ntawv nrog siab thermal stability thiab siab catalytic kev ua tau zoo tau ua los ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev ua yeeb yam ntawm tus kheej (SA-EISA). Kev kho cov pab pawg ua tiav tiav ua tiav cov pawg ua ntej thiab cov txheej txheem Aluminium yog tsim hauv Eisa cov txheej txheem thiab calcined ntawm 400 ℃ rau cov khoom oma. Hauv cov txheej txheem Eisa cov txheej txheem ntawm cov theem evaporate yog nrog cov hydrolysis ntawm organoalgy ntawm organoalbory muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Oma. Cov qib kev kho mob cua sov txhawb nqa cov hydrolysis ntawm cov txheej txheem ua tiav tag nrho thiab ua tiav cov pab pawg ua ntej hydroxyl pawg ua ke. Piv nrog ma npaj los ntawm cov qauv kev coj ua, OMA npaj los ntawm SA-Eisa txoj kev Pore thaj chaw muaj ntau dua thiab zoo dua thermal stability. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, eisa txoj kev tuaj yeem siv los npaj ultra-loj aperture ma nrog kev hloov pauv siab thiab kev xaiv tau zoo yam tsis muaj kev siv reaming tus neeg sawv cev.
Daim duab 1 Flow Daim Ntawv Teev Tseg ntawm SA-EISA Txuj Ci rau Sab Synthesizing Oma Cov Ntaub Ntawv
1.2.2 Lwm cov txheej txheem
Pa kev npaj yuav tsum tau kho kom meej rau cov qauv mesoporous zoo, thiab tshem tawm cov khoom siv mesoporous meej, thiab kev tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv me me kuj tseem ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm tes hluav taws xob. Tam sim no muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv tau tshaj tawm cov xwm txheej ntawm Ma nrog cov qauv sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, kev tshawb fawb tsuas yog tsom mus rau synthesteres ntawm ma nrog cov maasy, sulpose nyob rau hauv txhuas cov arerate, sulfate thiab alkoxide ua aluminium cov ntaub ntawv. Ma CTab kuj tau txais los ntawm kev hloov kho ncaj qha ntawm PB ua qhov chaw txhuas. Ma nrog cov qauv tsim sib txawv, piv txwv li al2o3)-1, al2o3) -2 thiab al2o3and muaj cov zoo thermal stability. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm surfactant tsis hloov lub cev siv lead ua ntawm PB, tab sis hloov cov khoom sib teev ntawm cov lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim ntawm Al2o3-3 yog tsim los ntawm cov kab ke ntawm nanoparticles ruaj khov los ntawm Organic kuab tshuaj peg lossis kev sib sau ncig PEG lossis kev sib sau ncig PEG. Txawm li cas los xij, lub pore loj faib ntawm al2o3-1 yog nqaim heev. Ib qho ntxiv, palladium-raws li catalysts tau npaj nrog hluavtaws ma li cov cab kuj uas muaj kev txhawb nqa, kev txhawb nqa ntawm Al2o3-3 pom kev ua haujlwm catalysic zoo.
Thawj thawj zaug, ma nrog txoj kev sib luag me me faib tau npaj los ntawm kev siv pheej yig thiab aluminium-nplua nuj txhuas dub slagred. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm suav nrog cov txheej txheem rho tawm ntawm qhov kub tsawg thiab lub siab. Cov khoom muaj nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem rho tawm yuav tsis ua rau ib puag ncig, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo lossis rov qab ua tiav lossis sib sau ua ke. Qhov tshwj xeeb thaj tsam ntawm synthesized ma yog 123 ~ 162m2 / g, lub vojvoog loj yog 5.3nm, thiab lub porosity yog 0.37 CM3 / g. Cov khoom siv nano-loj thiab cov siv lead ua luaj yog li 11nm. Khoom-lub xeev synthesis yog tus txheej txheem tshiab los ua ke txhais MA, uas tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov radchanmical absolent rau kev siv cov chaw kuaj mob. Aluminium chloride, ammonium carbonate thiab cov kua roj raw yog sib xyaw ua ke ntawm 1: 1.5, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tag nrho ntawm nruab nrab ntawm131i tom qab lub siab yog 90 %, thiab cov tau txais131i [Nai] Muaj kev daws teeb meem siab (1.7tbq / ml), yog li paub txog kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.
Txhawm rau suav, yav tom ntej, cov qauv molecular me me, kho kom haum rau cov qauv siv ntau pawg, thiab tsim cov khoom loj thiab cov wormhole loj ma. Kev tshawb xyuas cov qauv pheej yig thiab cov txheej txheem txhuas, ua kom zoo rau cov txheej txheem safthesis, qhia meej synthesis mechanism thiab coj cov txheej txheem.
Hloov Qauv Ntawm 2 Ma
Cov hau kev ntawm cov khoom siv tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Ma tus cab kuj muaj xws li imprier, agnical tov thiab yaj, ntawm qhov twg thawj ob yog feem ntau siv.
2.1 nyob rau hauv-situ synthemes txoj kev
Cov pab pawg tau siv nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm tau ntxiv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj ma los hloov kho cov qauv pob txha thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm catalytic. Cov txheej txheem yog qhia hauv daim duab 2. LIU li al. synthesized ni / mo-al2o3in situ nrog pМ3 raws li tus qauv. Ob NI thiab mo tau tawg nyob rau hauv kom ua rau Ma channel, yam tsis tau rhuav tshem cov qauv mesoporous ntawm ma, thiab catalytic kev ua tau zoo yog hloov kho. Txais cov qauv kev loj hlob hauv kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv gamma-al2o3Substrate, piv rau cov qauv me me. MNO2-AL2O3HAS SWSORTIONS tus nqi thiab kev ua haujlwm siab rau F-, thiab muaj hom pH ntau ntau (ph = 4), uas haum rau cov kev siv tau kev lag luam. Kev ua dua tshiab ntawm MNO2-al2o3is zoo tshaj qhov ntawm γ-al2o.Xav ib puag ncig kev ruaj khov yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua qub. Kom suav cov ntaub ntawv ma, cov ma hloov kho tau los ntawm-situ synthesis muaj cov kev sib txuam zoo, thiab tsis yooj yim ua kom muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov txheej txheem catalytics , thiab kev ua tau zoo catalytic yog ho txhim kho.
Daim duab 2 kev npaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm ma los ntawm-situ synthesis
2.2 txoj kev impregnation
Raus rau lub npaj ma rau hauv pab pawg hloov, thiab tau txais cov khoom siv ma hloov kho tom qab kev kho mob ntawm catalysis, adsorption thiab zoo li. CAI li al. Npaj ma ntawm p123 los ntawm cov qauv sol-gel, thiab tsau nws hauv ethanol thiab tetraethylenepentamine daws los tau amino hloov cov khoom siv nrog kev ua tiav kev ua tiav kev ua tiav. Ib qho ntxiv, Belkacemi li al. dipped hauv zncl2solution los ntawm tib cov txheej txheem kom tau txais zinc doped hloov kho ntawm thaj chaw thiab pore ntim yog 394m2 / g thiab 0.55 CM3 / g, feem. Piv nrog rau hauv-situ synthesis muaj cov qauv kev ua kom zoo dua qub, tab sis cov kev ua haujlwm zoo nkauj ntawm cov haujlwm tsis muaj zog, thiab cov haujlwm catalysic yog qhov yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm cov sab nraud yam.
3 Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo
Cov synthesis ntawm tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb ma nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb yog kev txhim kho txij li yav tom ntej. Tam sim no, muaj ntau txoj kev synthesis. Cov txheej txheem tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm MA. Thaj chaw tshwj xeeb, pore ntim thiab pheeb suab ntawm MA tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm cov qauv hom thiab cov txhuas ua ntej tsim muaj pes tsawg leeg. Kev muab qhov ntsuas kub cais thiab cov polymer polymer cuam tshuam rau cov cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb thiab muaj pore ntim ntawm ma. Suzuki thiab lusauchi pom tias kev xam kub tau nce los ntawm 500 ℃ rau 900 ℃. Lub aperture nce thiab thaj tsam tuaj yeem raug txo kom tsawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho mob hauv ntiaj teb tsis muaj kev txhim kho cov kev ua si, qhov chaw sib npaug ntawm cov txheej txheem ma acidity, thiab ua tau raws li kev txhim kho ma ua haujlwm.
3.1 Defluorination Adsorbent
Cov tshuaj fluorine hauv cov dej haus hauv Suav teb tau ua phem heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev nce cov ntsiab lus fluorine hauv kev siv cov tshuaj lom zem Thiab cov txheej txheem electrolysis ntawm fluidized txaj rauv taws ci nrog roj. Tam sim no, cov qauv Adsorption yog qhov txaus nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm cov kev sib tw ntawm ntub dej, muaj cov tsiaj tsis zoo. Acummated carbon, amorphous alumina, ua kom tiav alumina thiab lwm yam adsorbents tau siv rau qhov kev daws teeb meem nruab nrab, tab sis tus nqi siab yog cov alumina qis tau dhau los ua qhov feem ntau dav Kawm tias muaj cov tshuaj tua tsiaj fluoride vim tias yog cov tshuaj fluoride rau hauv PHU. Hauv ib puag ncig cov kuab paug nyob vim yog thaj chaw thaj chaw loj, tshwj xeeb pore loj loj, cov kua qaub-ua haujlwm, thermal thiab tshuab ruaj khov. Kundu li al. Npaj ma nrog lub siab kawg fluorine adsorption muaj peev xwm ntawm 62.5 mg / g. Cov tshuaj lom neeg adsoriness muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo heev ntawm nws cov qauv kev teeb tsa, xws li MA yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los txhim kho nws txoj kev ua tiav.
Vim yog cov kua qaub tawv ntawm LA thiab cov tsis muaj fluorine, muaj kev muaj zog muaj zog ntawm La thiab Fluorine ions. Xyoo tsis ntev los no, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias LA raws li kev hloov kho tuaj yeem txhim kho tus adsorption muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj fluoride. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov qis txheej txheem kev ruaj khov ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj zog, ua rau muaj kuab paug hauv ob tog kev noj qab haus huv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, siab concentration ntawm txhuas hauv cov dej ib puag ncig yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj lom rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los npaj ib hom kev sib sau nrog cov khoom ruaj khov nrog rau lwm yam hauv lwm cov txheej txheem hauv kev tshem tawm fluorine. Ma hloov kho los ntawm LA thiab CE tau npaj los ntawm Impregnation hom (LA / MA thiab CE / MA). tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb oxides tau ntse thauj ntawm MA nto rau thawj zaug, cov hluav taws xob kev ua tiav ntawm Fluorine thiab Ligand pauv cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov npoo hydroxyl, tus hydroxyl ua hauj lwm pab pawg ntawm adsorbent nto cuam tshuam nrog fluorine, la / ma muaj ntau dua cov fluorine, thiab cov adsorption muaj peev xwm ntau dua F yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm La / ma > CE / Ma> ma. Nrog rau kev nce ntawm kev thawj lub siab, tus adsorpt muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj fluorine nce.Qhov kev tshaj tawm cov fluorine ua raws li Langmuir yog qhov qauv adjothermal adsorption adsorption adsorption adjotherption adjotorption qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov impurities ntawm sulfate ions hauv alumina kuj tseem muaj feem xyuam rau cov qauv zoo. Txawm hais tias cov kev tshawb fawb ntsig txog ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua tau ua tiav, feem ntau yog siv kev lag luam. Thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm cov fluorine ions, tau txais cov tshuaj fluorine ion rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj fluorine daws raws cov fluorine tsis tshua muaj tshuaj fluorine raws li lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig.
3.2 catalyst
3.2.1 Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Methhane
Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj peev xwm hloov kho acidity (yooj yim) ntawm cov oxygen tsis muaj kev sib cais, thiab cov ntsuas ntsuas nruab nrab thiab ruaj khov. Nws yog feem ntau siv los txhawb cov cuab yeej siv hlau thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hlau los ua cov tshuaj tua methanation ntawm CO2. Tam sim no, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb kev hloov kho Mesoporous yog kev txhim kho ntawm cov vocs thiab tus Tsov tus tw, rh, hlau (xws li CO, FE, thiab lwm yam), ni / al2o3Catalyst yog dav siv rau nws cov kev ua ub ua no thiab xaiv tau siab thiab tus nqi qis rau methane. Txawm li cas los xij, cov sintering thiab carbon deposition ntawm ni nanoparticles nyob rau saum npoo ntawm ni / al2o3lead mus rau qhov kev ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov catalyst. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrawm, hloov kho catalyst cov cab kuj los txhim kho catalytic kev ua si, ruaj khov thiab scorchistance. Feem ntau, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb oxides tuaj yeem siv ua cov lus txhawb nqa thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv heterogeneous catalysous, thiab hloov cov khoom ntawm nws yog xim hlau ni los ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa hlau muaj zog.
Ma tau dav siv los txhim kho cov dispersion ntawm cov hlau, thiab muab kev txwv rau cov hlau los tiv thaiv lawv lub agglomeration. La2O3With high oxygen cia muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov pa hloov dua tshiab, thiab LA2O3PROMOTES cov dispersion ntawm Mesopore alumina, uas muaj cov kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev txuag nyiaj ntau. Tus La2O3promoter nce cov mdr kev ua ntawm Catalyst, thiab co3o4thes yog tsim nyob rau ntawm catalyst nto.Thaum twg, tus me nov nplej ntawm 8nm ~ 10nm. Hauv MRD cov txheej txheem, cov kev sib cuam tshuam hauv La2O3nd Co2Shi33mesophite La2O2Co3 La2O3Promotes Hydrogen txo los ntawm kev muab cov hluav taws xob ntau dua thiab txhim kho cov pa oxygen hauv 10% CO / MA. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm La2O3reduces qhov pom meej lub zog ntawm ch4Consumtion. Yog li ntawd, tus nqi hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm ch4incrove rau 93.7% ntawm La2O3k K. Qhov ntxiv ntawm cov pa catalytic, ua rau muaj cov pa roj oxygen tsawg dua rau 73.3%.
CE thiab PR tau txais kev txhawb nqa ntawm NI / Al2o3Catalyst los ntawm sib npaug cart impregnation txoj kev hauv niofeng. Tom qab ntxiv CE thiab PR, kev xaiv rau h2incredivity rau h2incredity rau kev xaiv ua co txo qis dua. MRDR tau hloov kho los ntawm Pr tau muaj peev xwm zoo heev, thiab kev xaiv tau los ntawm 64.5% rau kev xaiv los ntawm 31.4% peng shujing li al. Siv sol-gel txoj kev, ce-hloov kho ma tau npaj nrog txhuas isoproproxide, isopropanol kuab thiab cerium nitrate hexahydate. Thaj chaw tshwj xeeb thaj tsam ntawm cov khoom tau nce me ntsis. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm CE txo cov kev sib cav ntawm cov pas nrig nanoparticles ntawm MA nto. Qee cov pawg hydroxyl ntawm cov npoo ntawm γ- al2o3were tau npog los ntawm CE tebchaw. Lub thermal stability ntawm ma tau txhim kho, thiab tsis muaj Crystal theem kev hloov pauv tau tshwm sim tom qab kev txiav tawm ntawm 1000 rau 10 teev.wang baowei li al. Npaj ma cov khoom siv CEO2-al2o4by coprication txoj kev. CEO2With cubic me me nplej tau uniformly dispersed hauv alumina. Tom qab txhawb co thiab mo ntawm CEO2-al2o4, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm alumina thiab nquag tivthaiv co thiab mo tau zoo tiv thaiv los ntawm CEO2
Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj kev txhawb nqa (LA, X, Y thiab sm) ua ke nrog C / MA CATORYSt rau MRT, thiab cov txheej txheem yog qhia hauv Daim Duab. 3. Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam tuaj yeem txhim kho cov dispersion ntawm ma cov cab kuj thiab inhibit lub agglomeration ntawm co ncuav. Qhov me me qhov me me qhov loj me, qhov muaj zog sib cuam tshuam catalytic thiab sintering lub peev xwm ntawm MRD cov haujlwm thiab cov pa las tso tawm.fig. 4 yog HRTEM duab tom qab MRD kev kho mob ntawm 1023K, CO2: CH4: N2 = 1: 1: 3.1 rau 8 teev. Cov ntu muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov xim dub, Thaum Ma cov neeg nqa khoom muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm grey, uas nyob ntawm qhov txawv ntawm hluav taws xob ceev. Nyob rau hauv HRTEM duab nrog 10% CO / MA (Daim duab 4B), lub 4b), cov agglomere tau sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua rau 11.0nM ~ 12.5nm. Tau / ma muaj cov kev sib txuam sib koom ua ke co-ma muaj zog, thiab nws cov sintering kev ua tau zoo dua li lwm cov catalysts. Ib qho ntxiv, raws li qhia hauv Figs. 4B rau 4F, Hollow Carbon Nanowires (CNF) yog tsim tawm ntawm catalysts, uas kom sib tiv tauj nrog roj ntws thiab tiv thaiv tus catalyst ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Daim duab 3 nyhuv ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj thiab tshuaj tua neeg thiab mand catalyticic kev ua tau zoo ntawm CO / ma catalalyst
3.2.2 Deoxidation catalyst
Fe2O3 / meso-ceal, fe-doped Fe-based dehydration catalys, thiab tau siv nyob rau hauv synthesis ntawm 1,3- butadiene (BD). CE tau raug xa tawm heev hauv Alumina Matrix, thiab FEO2O3 / meso-ceal-cav, yog li tseem muaj oxygen cia muaj peev xwm, yog li nws muaj cov adsorption zoo thiab ua kom muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm CO2. Raws li muaj nyob hauv Daim Duab 5, tem cov duab qhia tias Fe2o3 / Meso-Ceal-100 yog xoob thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg xyaw ua ke, thaum lub sij hawm he dispersed yog ntse doped nyob rau hauv Alumina Matrix. Lub Noble Hlau Catalyst Txheej Txheej Sib Tham Lub Chaw Tsim Khoom ntawm Ultra-Low Emission Tus Qauv tau tsim cov qauv Peebsab, cov pa khoom muaj pa loj thiab cov roj oxygen
3.2.3 catalyst rau tsheb
Pd-pur txhawb nqa Quaternary Aluminium-raws li tsis tshua muaj av ntiaj teb ua alcezrtiox thiab allazrtiox kom tau cov txheej txheej kho cov khoom siv. Mesoporous aluminium raws li tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb-rh / alc tuaj yeem siv tau zoo ua ke, thiab kev hloov ua kom zoo dua qub ntawm ch4, lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm CNG tsheb cov roj tso pa, yog li siab li 97.8%. Txais yuav cov txheej txheem hydrothermal los npaj uas tsis tshua muaj cov khoom siv rau tus kheej, thiab kev sib sau ua ke ntawm kev hloov kho tus kheej rau tus qauv ntawm "compound loj hlob chav tsev" , yog li paub txog qhov ua kom huv ntawm kev tso tsheb kauj vab-mounted peb-txoj kev catalytic converter.
Daim duab 4 HRTEM cov duab ntawm Ma (A), CO (B), Laco / Ma (lab / mCO / ma (f)
Daim duab 5 DEM duab (A) thiab Eds Board Pib Diagram (B, C) ntawm Fe2o3 / Meso-Ceal-100
3.3 Luminous Performance
Cov hluav taws xob ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj kev zoo siab rau kev hloov ntawm cov zog sib txawv thiab teeb tsa lub teeb. Lub ntiaj teb tsawg feem ntau siv los ua cov ua kom tau npaj cov khoom siv luminescent. Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem thauj khoom ntawm txhuas phosphate hollow, thiab cov ntaub ntawv Lumritation, LA, CE, PR, ND) tuaj yeem npaj tau. Lub ntsej muag luminescent yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ultraviolet.ma yog ua rau nws muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim nws cov yeeb yaj kiab, cov yeeb yaj kiab nyias, thiab lwm yam. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua tau Siv rau kev xav teb cov lus teb ib-seem ntawm photonic muaju, lub zog tiam thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Cov cuab yeej siv no tau muab cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj cov ntawv qhia txog kev ua haujlwm siab thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo nrog cov khoom siv tshiab tsis tau siv thiab tsim cov khoom siv Cov. Cov muaj ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv yog nthuav dav, uas ua rau nws tsim tau los tsim kev txhim kho cov sensors. Cov lus qhia ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ma thiab oxydroxide hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv kho tshiab qhia tau zoo ib yam li ntawm silicon dioxide.Tab cov tshuaj muaj sib txawv.
3.4 thermal ruaj khov
Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm kub, sinining tiag tiag cuam tshuam rau kev siv cov nyhuv ntawm m catalalyst thiab γ-al2o3in crystalline theem hloov mus rau δ thiab θ rau χ phases. Cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj tshuaj muaj kev ruaj khov thiab cov hluav taws xob ruaj khov, muaj cov khoom yoog tau zoo, thiab yooj yim muaj thiab cov ntaub ntawv raw yooj yim. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj peev xwm txhim kho lub thermal ruaj khov, thiab kho cov khoom siv acidity ntawm cov cab kuj uas siv tau thiab CE yog cov kev hloov kho tshiab. Lu weiguang thiab lwm tus pom tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov av tsis tshua muaj kev sib txawv, thiab txo qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kev kub ntxhov ntawm mesoporous Cov. Lub sijhawm npaj ALUMINA tseem muaj qhov chaw tshwj xeeb thiab muaj pore ntim. Lis yanqiu li al. Ntxiv 5% la2o3to γ-al2o3, uas txhim kho lub thermal stability thiab nce lub pore ntim thiab tshwj xeeb thaj tsam ntawm alumina cab. Raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab 6, la2o3aded rau γ-al2o3, txhim kho lub thermal stability ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsawg ntawm cov cab kuj.
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem doping nano-fibrous hais nrog la rau ntawm ma, doping nrog la tau pom tseeb rintering nyhuv rau sintering ntawm siab . Raws li qhia hauv Daim Duab. 7, nrog qhov ntsuas kub nce, La inhibits cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov noob nplej loj hlob thiab theem kev hloov pauv, thaum frecess. 7a thiab 7c qhia tau kev sib txuam ntawm nano-fibrous hais. Hauv Daim Duab. 7b, txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov khoom loj ua los ntawm kev laij tawm ntawm 1200 ℃ yog kwv yees li 100nm.it cim qhov tseem ceeb sintering ntawm ma. Ib qho ntxiv, piv nrog Ma-1200, Ma-LA-1200 tsis muaj kev sib sau ua tom qab kev kho cua sov. Nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm LA, nano-fiber hais muaj kev muaj peev xwm zoo dua. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv siab dua transcmination kub, doped la yog tseem tau tawg heev ntawm MA nto. La hloov ma tuaj yeem siv los ua cov cab kuj ntawm pd catalyst hauv c3h8oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Daim duab 6 qauv qauv ntawm Sintering Alumina nrog thiab yam tsis muaj lub ntiaj teb tsawg
Daim duab 7 tem Dag cov duab ntawm Ma-400 (A), MA-1200 (B), Ma-La-400 (C) thiab Ma-LA-1200 (d)
4 TAWG
Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev npaj thiab ua haujlwm ntawm tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb tau hloov kho ma cov ntaub ntawv. Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb tau hloov kho MA tau siv dav. Txawm hais tias muaj kev tshawb fawb ntau tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv catalytic daim ntawv thov, thermal ruaj khov thiab adsorption, ntau cov nyiaj muaj nqi, tsis muaj kev txiav txim siab. Cov haujlwm hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua yav tom ntej: Txhim kho cov muaj pes yav tom ntej: ua kom pom kev tsis tshua muaj zog Ma, xaiv cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, tau raws li txoj haujlwm txhim kho; Tsim cov txheej txheem tswj cov qauv raws li kev ua haujlwm los txo cov nqi thiab qhov kev lag luam tsim tau zoo; Txhawm rau kom ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Suav teb cov peev txheej hauv ntiaj teb, peb yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav kev xav thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj tsis tshua muaj neeg tsis tshua muaj siab.
Kev Pab Nyiaj Pab Nyiaj: Shaanxi Science thiab Technology Tuag Tag Nrho Cov Haujlwm Innovation Innessation Innestation Project (2011 th-04-01); Shaanxi xeev 2019 Tshwj xeeb tshawb fawb tshawb fawb project (19NK090); 2020 Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshwj Xeeb ntawm Huaaqing College, XI 'ib lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab ntawm architecture thiab thev naus laus zis (20ky02)
Tau qhov twg los: Tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb
Lub sij hawm ncua: Jul-04-2022