Cerium, element 58 ntawm lub sijhawm teem sijhawm.
Ceriumyog lub ntiaj teb tsawg tshaj plaws hlau hlau, thiab nrog rau yav tas los pom yttrium lub caij, nws qhib lub qhov rooj mus rau lub discovery ntawm lwm yam.tsawg ntiaj tebcov ntsiab lus.
Xyoo 1803, tus kws tshawb fawb German Klaprott tau pom ib qho tshiab oxide nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb liab hnyav uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub nroog Swedish me me ntawm Vastras, uas tshwm ocher thaum hlawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Swedish chemists Bezilius thiab Hissinger kuj pom cov oxide ntawm tib lub caij hauv cov ore. Txog xyoo 1875, tib neeg tau txais hlau cerium los ntawm molten cerium oxide los ntawm electrolysis.
Cerium hlauNws muaj zog heev thiab tuaj yeem hlawv los ua hmoov cerium oxide. Cerium hlau alloy sib xyaw nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb tuaj yeem tsim cov nplaim zoo nkauj thaum txhuam tawm tsam cov khoom tawv, igniting ib puag ncig combustibles, thiab yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li lub teeb thiab cov hluav taws xob. Nws kuj tseem yuav hlawv nws tus kheej, nrog rau cov sparks zoo nkauj, ntxiv hlau thiab lwm yam Lanthanide, tsuas yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm cov sparks. Ib lub mesh ua los ntawm cerium los yog impregnated nrog cerium ntsev yuav ua rau kom cov roj combustion zoo thiab ua ib tug zoo heev combustion pab, uas yuav txuag tau roj. Cerium kuj yog ib qho zoo iav additive, uas tuaj yeem nqus tau ultraviolet thiab infrared rays, thiab siv dav hauv Tsheb iav. Nws tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv ultraviolet rays, tab sis kuj txo qhov kub hauv lub tsheb, txuag hluav taws xob rau cov cua txias.
Ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm cerium yog raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm trivalent cerium thiab tetravalent cerium, uas muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb hauv cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb. Cov yam ntxwv no tso cai rau cerium kom zoo khaws thiab tso tawm cov pa oxygen, uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khoom siv roj oxide rau catalyze Redox, yog li tau txais cov kev taw qhia ntawm electrons los ua tam sim no. Zeolites impregnated nrog cerium thiab lanthanum tuaj yeem ua tus catalysts rau roj av tawg thaum lub sijhawm ua kom zoo. Kev siv cov cerium oxide thiab cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig hauv tsheb ternary catalytic converters tuaj yeem hloov cov roj teeb meem rau hauv cov pa phem tsis muaj nitrogen, carbon dioxide, thiab dej, tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov pa tawm hauv tsheb ntau. Vim nws muaj peev xwm nqus pa oxygen, tib neeg tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav kev siv cerium oxide nanoparticles hauv kev kho antioxidant. Lub xeev lub xeev laser system tsim los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas muaj cov cerium, uas tuaj yeem siv los kuaj cov riam phom lom neeg los ntawm kev saib xyuas cov concentration ntawm tryptophan, thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv rau kev kuaj mob.
Vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb photophysical zog, cerium kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev catalyst, uas ua rau pheej yigCerium (IV) oxidenyiam los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hauv thaj tsam ntawm catalysts. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 27, 2018, Science magazine tau luam tawm qhov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tseem ceeb los ntawm Zuo Zhiwei pab pawg los ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Khoom Siv Science thiab Technology ntawm ShanghaiTech University - txhawb kev hloov pauv methane nrog lub teeb. Tus yuam sij hauv txoj kev hloov dua siab tshiab yog nrhiav qhov pheej yig thiab muaj txiaj ntsig Synergistic catalysis system ntawm cerium raws catalyst thiab cawv catalyst, uas daws tau qhov teeb meem kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev siv lub teeb lub zog los hloov methane rau hauv cov khoom ua kua ntawm chav tsev kub hauv ib kauj ruam, Nws muab ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo. tshiab, kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg kev daws teeb meem rau kev hloov pauv ntawm methane rau hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj nqis ntxiv, xws li Rocket propellant roj.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-01-2023