Lub extraction, npaj thiab ruaj ntseg cia ntawmgadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃)yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua cov khoom tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb. Hauv qab no yog cov lus piav qhia ntxaws:
Ib txoj kev rho tawm ntawm gadolinium oxide
Gadolinium oxide feem ntau yog muab rho tawm los ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj ores uas muaj gadolinium, cov ores muaj xws li monazite thiab bastnäsite. Cov txheej txheem rho tawm feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
1.Ore decomposition:
Lub ntiaj teb tsawg ore yog decomposed los ntawm acid los yog alkaline txoj kev.
Txoj kev acid: Kho cov ore nrog cov concentrated sulfuric acid los yog hydrochloric acid los hloov cov ntsiab lus hauv ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj rau cov ntsev soluble.
Txoj kev Alkaline: Siv sodium hydroxide lossis potassium hydroxide kom yaj cov ore ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los hloov cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb rau hauv hydroxides.
2.Rare ntiaj teb sib cais:
Cais gadolinium los ntawm kev sib xyaw tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb kev daws teeb meem los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj extraction lossis ion pauv.
Txoj kev tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj: Siv cov kuab tshuaj organic (xws li tributyl phosphate) los xaiv cov kua roj gadolinium ions.
Ion txauv txoj kev: Siv ion txauv resin cais gadolinium ions.
3.Purification ntawm gadolinium:
Los ntawm ntau qhov kev rho tawm lossis kev sib pauv ion, lwm yam tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb thiab cov impurities raug tshem tawm kom tau txais cov khoom siv siab dawb huv gadolinium (xws li gadolinium chloride lossis gadolinium nitrate ).
4.Conversion rau gadolinium oxide:
Lub purified gadolinium compound (xws li gadolinium nitrate los yog gadolinium oxalate) yog calcined ntawm kub kub kom decompose thiab tsim gadolinium oxide.
Reaction piv txwv: 2 Gd(NO₃)₃ → Gd₂O₃ + 6 NO₂ + 3/2 O₂
Cov txheej txheem kev npaj ntawm gadolinium oxide
1.High kub calcination txoj kev:
Calcine gadolinium ntsev (xws li gadolinium nitrate, gadolinium oxalate lossis gadolinium carbonate) ntawm qhov kub siab (siab tshaj 800 ° C) kom decompose thiab tsim gadolinium oxide.
Qhov no yog txoj kev npaj siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom loj.
2.Hydrothermal txoj kev:
Gadolinium oxide nanoparticles yog tsim los ntawm reacting gadolinium ntsev nrog alkaline daws nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias hydrothermal tej yam kev mob.
Txoj kev no tuaj yeem npaj siab-purity gadolinium oxide nrog cov khoom me me.
3. Sol-gel txoj kev:
Gadolinium ntsev yog tov nrog cov organic precursors (xws li citric acid) los tsim ib tug sol, uas yog ces gelled, qhuav thiab calcined kom tau gadolinium oxide.
Txoj kev no yog tsim rau kev npaj nano-scale gadolinium oxide hmoov.
三 、 Kev nyab xeeb cia ntawm gadolinium oxide
Gadolinium oxide yog qhov ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub, tab sis cov xwm txheej hauv qab no tseem yuav tsum tau sau tseg kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom:
1.Moisture-pov thawj:
Gadolinium oxide muaj qee qhov hygroscopicity thiab yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib cuag nrog dej.
Nws raug nquahu kom siv lub thawv ntim thiab ntxiv cov khoom siv desiccant (xws li silica gel).
2.Light-proof:
Gadolinium oxide yog rhiab heev rau lub teeb, thiab lub sij hawm ntev raug rau lub teeb muaj zog yuav cuam tshuam rau nws cov kev ua tau zoo.
Yuav tsum khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, tsaus.
3. Kev tswj kub:
Qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm chav tsev (15-25 ° C), tsis txhob muaj qhov kub thiab txias.
Qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov qauv ntawm gadolinium oxide, thiab qhov kub thiab txias yuav ua rau hygroscopicity.
4. Tsis txhob sib cuag nrog kua qaub:
Gadolinium oxide yog alkaline oxide thiab yuav hnov mob hnyav nrog cov kua qaub.
Khaws kom deb ntawm cov tshuaj acidic thaum khaws cia.
5. Tiv thaiv plua plav:
Gadolinium oxide hmoov tuaj yeem ua rau mob ua pa thiab tawv nqaij.
Siv cov ntim ntim kaw thaum khaws cia thiab hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv (xws li lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab hnab looj tes) thaum tuav.
IV. Cov kev ceev faj
1. Toxicity:Gadolinium oxide nws tus kheej tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tab sis nws cov plua plav tuaj yeem ua rau ua pa thiab tawv nqaij, yog li kev sib cuag ncaj qha yuav tsum raug zam.
2. Kev pov tseg pov tseg:Cov khib nyiab gadolinium oxide yuav tsum tau rov ua dua lossis kho raws li kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj phom sij kom tsis txhob muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig.
Los ntawm cov kev rho tawm saum toj no, kev npaj thiab kev khaws cia, cov khoom zoo gadolinium oxide tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb kom tau raws li nws cov kev xav tau hauv cov khoom siv hlau nplaum, cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, kev kho mob, thiab lwm yam.
Post lub sij hawm: Feb-28-2025