XiIAB yog tus tsis muaj cai 'tus tij laug loj loj' hauv tsev neeg coob ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj neeg. Firstly, tag nrho cov kev nplua mais hauv lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj 238ppm, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm 68ppm, suav nyiaj rau 28% ntawm tag nrho cov ntiaj teb muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ua ntej; Thib ob, Cerium yog qhov thib ob tsis tshua muaj cuaj xyoos pom tau tias qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm yttrium (1794). Nws daim ntawv thov yog qhov dav heev, thiab "cerium" yog tsis ruaj khov
Qhov nrhiav tau ntawm cerium caij
Carl Auer Von Welsbach
Cerium tau pom thiab muaj npe nyob hauv 1803 los ntawm German Klampers, Swedish Chemist J Ö NS Jakob Berzelius, thiab Swedish Mserish Mineralogist Wilhelm Heinger. Nws yog hu ua ceria, thiab nws ore yog hu ua cerite, nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb pom muaj 66% rau 70% cerium pom nyob rau xyoo 1801. Thaum tus so muaj cov tshuaj calcium, hlau, thiabyttrium.
Qhov kev siv hluav taws xob thawj yog lub roj av hluav taws tsim los ntawm Austrian Chemist Carl Auer Von Welsbach. Xyoo 1885, nws tau sim sib xyaw ntawm cov magnesium, ltthhanum, thiab cov mixtures tso lub teeb ntsuab tsis muaj kev vam meej.
Xyoo 1891, nws pom tias yog lub teeb zoo dua, txawm hais tias nws yog xiav, thiab tov nrog cerium (IV) oxide los tsim lub teeb dawb ci. Tsis tas li ntawd, CineCium (IV) Oxide tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua cov catalyst rau cov khoom siv odium oxide
Cerium Hlau
Cerium yog tus ductile thiab cov nyiaj muag muag dawb nrog cov khoom nquag. Thaum raug rau huab cua, nws yuav yog oxidized, tsim ib tug xeb zoo li tev oxide txheej. Thaum rhuab, nws hlawv thiab hnov qab sai nrog dej. Ib tug centimat me me rau kev cerium hlau ua qauv corrodes tsis pub dhau ib xyoos. Zam kev sib cuag nrog huab cua, muaj cov oxidants muaj zog, cov kua qaub muaj zog, thiab Halogens.
Cerium mas muaj nyob rau hauv Monazite thiab Bastnaesite, nrog rau hauv cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom noj qab haus huv, thiab plutonium. Kev phom sij rau ib puag ncig, kev saib tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau cov kuab paug ntawm cov dej lub cev.
Creatium yog 26th ntau tshaj plaws muaj txiaj ntsig, muaj npe rau 68PP ntawm lub ntiaj teb crust, thib ob tsuas yog tooj liab (68ppm). Cerium muaj ntau tshaj li cov khoom siv tsis zoo li qub xws li Lead (13 teev tsaus ntuj) thiab tin (2.1ppm).
Cerium Electron Configuration
Kev npaj tshuab hluav taws xob:
1s2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 4S2 3P6 4PS2 4D10 5F6 5F1 5D1
Ej Cerium nyob tom qab Lanthhant thiab muaj 4F Electrons pib los ntawm Cee, ua rau nws yooj yim rau kev koom nrog kev koom tes hauv kev sib koom tes. Txawm li cas los xij, 5D orbital ntawm cerium yog nyob, thiab cov nyhuv no tsis muaj zog txaus hauv cerium.
Lanthana feem ntau yuav tsuas siv cov hluav taws xob ob peb lub chaw hluav taws xob, tsuas yog qhov kev zam ntawm cerium, uas muaj tus qauv hluav taws xob sib txawv. Lub zog ntawm 4F hluav taws xob yuav luag zoo ib yam li 5d thiab 6s hluav taws xob daws cov hluav taws xob hauv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ob chav Valence ntawm + 3 thiab + 4. Lub xeev ib txwm yog + 3 qhov tseem ceeb, uas qhia + 4 kev tsim nyog hauv cov dej anaerobic.
Daim Ntawv Thov ntawm Cee
Siv tau los ua cov alloy additive thiab rau kev tsim cov ntsev cerium, thiab lwm yam.
★ Nws tuaj yeem siv tau ua iav Additive kom nqus cov roj av ultraviolet thiab infrared rays, thiab yog siv dav hauv lub tsheb iav.
Siv tau los ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, thiab tam sim no cov neeg sawv cev feem ntau yog tiv thaiv ntau qhov kev tso pa tawm ntawm cov pa tawm hauv huab cua.
Lub teeb pom kevTsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb ntsiab lusMas xam cov cerium raws li cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob regulators tuaj yeem txhim kho cov qoob loo zoo, nce tawm los, thiab txhim kho qoob loo nyuaj.
Cerium sulfide tuaj yeem hloov cov hlau lead thiab cadmium uas muaj kev phom sij, thiab kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov tsho tiv no thiab Ink Industries.
Noj movCee cerium (IV) oxideYuav siv tau ua polishing sib dhos, piv txwv li, hauv cov tshuaj-kho kom zoo polishing (CMP).
Cerium cerium tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv hydrogen, cerium caticators, ceracication cov ntaub ntawv abricorives, ceramic cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv kho mob, ntau yam sib xyaw ua hlau thiab cov hlau tsis muaj hlau.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Jul-03-2023