Dysprosium,cim dy thiab atomic tus naj npawb 66. Nws yog aTsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb caijnrog hlau luster. Dysprosium yeej tsis tau pom tias yog ib qho tshuaj yeeb hauv qhov xwm, txawm hais tias nws muaj nyob rau ntau cov zaub mov xws li yttrium phosphate.
Kev nplua nuj ntawm dysprosium nyob rau hauv crust yog 6ppm, uas yog qis dua li ntawd
yttriumnyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tsawg tsawg. Nws suav hais tias yog ib qho kev sib luag hnyav
Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm zoo rau nws daim ntawv thov.
Dysprosium nyob rau hauv nws lub xeev ntuj yog tsim ntawm xya isocoopes, nrog ntau tshaj 164 dy.
Dysprosium tau pom los ntawm Paul Achilleck de Bampand nyob rau xyoo 1886, tab sis nws tsis yog kom txog thaum kev txhim kho ntawm ion pauv pauv thev naus laus zis hauv xyoo 1950 uas nws tau cais tag. Dysprosium muaj ob peb daim ntawv thov vim tias nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg.
Soluble dysprosium ntsev muaj cov tshuaj lom me ntsis, thaum tsis muaj ntsev tau txiav txim siab tsis muaj tshuaj lom.
Nrhiav keeb kwm
Nrhiav pom los ntawm: L. boisbaudan, Fabkis
Nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1886 hauv Fab Kis
Tom qab Mossander sib caishoob laugNtiaj teb thiabterbiumLub ntiaj teb los ntawm yttrium lub ntiaj teb nyob rau xyoo 1842, ntau tus kws kho mob siv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kom paub thiab txiav txim siab tias lawv tsis yog cov tshuaj tua neeg, uas txhawb kom muaj kev cais tawm. Xya xyoo tom qab kev sib cais ntawm Holmium, xyoo 1886, Bouvabadrand muab faib rau hauv ib nrab thiab khaws cov npe hu ua dysprosium, nrog lub cim kev ua si dy. Lo lus no los ntawm Greek lo lus dysprositos thiab txhais tau tias 'nyuaj kom tau txais'. Nrog rau kev nrhiav pom ntawm dysprosium thiab lwm qhov tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj, lwm tus ib nrab ntawm theem peb ntawm cov av tsis tshua pom kev ua tiav.
Kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob
Cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob:
1s2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 4S2 3D10 4S2 4D10 5P6 6S2 4F10
isotope
Nyob rau hauv nws lub xeev ntuj, dysprosium yog muaj ntawm xya isotopes: 156dy, 150Dy, 162DY, 162DY, 163dy, thiab 164dy. Cov no yog txhua tus tau txiav txim siab ruaj khov, txawm hais tias muaj 156ndy lwj nrog ib nrab-lub neej ntawm dhau 1 * 1018 xyoo. Ntawm cov ecurring ecurring isotopes, 164DY yog qhov muaj ntau tshaj plaws ntawm 28%, ua raws li 162dy ntawm 26%. Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws txaus yog 156dy, 0.06%. 29 Lub xov tooj cua IsoTopes kuj tau muab cov khoom siv tau ua ke, xws li los ntawm 138 txog 173, raws li atomic pawg. Qhov feem ntau ruaj khov ib qho yog 154dy nrog ib nrab-lub neej ntawm kwv yees li ntawm 310 xyoos, ua raws li 159dy nrog ib nrab-lub neej ntawm 144.4 hnub. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog 138 dy nrog ib nrab-lub neej ntawm 200 milliseconds. 154dy feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm Alpha lwj, thaum 152dy thiab 159dy lwj feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm hluav taws xob ntes.
Hlau
Dysprosium muaj xim hlau lug thiab ci ntsa iab liv luster. Nws yog qhov muag muag heev thiab tuaj yeem machined yam tsis muaj kev tawm yog tias overheating yog zam. Lub zog ntawm lub cev ntawm dysprosium yog cuam tshuam los ntawm txawm tias ib qho me me ntawm impurities. Dysprosium thiab Holmium tau lub zog loj tshaj plaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum kub tsawg. Ib qho yooj yim dysprosium ferromagnet dhau los ua lub ntiaj teb heltiferromagnetic hauv qab 85 k (-188.2 Cov. Qhov kev hloov pauv tawm tsam txawv txawv no hloov pauv mus rau hauv qhov tsis txaus ntseeg (paramagnetic) lub xeev ntawm 179 K (-94 c).
Daim Ntawv Thov:
(1) ua ntxiv rau neodymium hlau boron litable hlau nplaum, ntxiv li 2-3% dysprosium mus txhim kho nws cov hlau nplaum. Yav dhau los, qhov kev thov rau dysprosium tsis siab, tab sis nrog qhov nce ntxiv rau cov hlau nplaum uas tsim nyog 95-99.9% nce ntxiv.
(2) Dysprosium yog siv los ua tus activator rau phosphors, thiab kev ua haujlwm dysprosium yog ib qho kev txhawb nqa ion rau ib lub chaw emission ib leeg tricolor. Nws yog tsuas yog sib sau ntawm ob plab emission, ib qho yog qhov quav daj, thiab lwm qhov yog xiav emission. Cov khoom siv doprosium doped luminescent tuaj yeem siv ua cov phosphor.
(3) Dysprosium yog ib qho tsim nyog cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas tsim nyog rau kev npaj ntawm loj MagnetosThaum Alloy Terfenol, uas tuaj yeem ua kom meej cov neeg kho tshuab kom ua tiav.
(4)Dysprosium hlau Yuav siv tau los ua cov khoom siv magneto-kho qhov muag nrog cov ntaub cav nrawm thiab nyeem rhiab.
(5) rau kev npaj ntawm dysprosium teeb, qhov ua haujlwm ua haujlwm siv hauv dysprosium teeb yog dysprosium iodide. Qhov teeb lub teeb no muaj qhov zoo xws li cov xim zoo, xim zoo, muaj xim loj, thiab ruaj khov arc. Nws tau raug siv los ua lub teeb pom kev zoo rau cov yeeb yaj kiab, luam ntawv, thiab lwm yam kev siv teeb pom kev zoo.
(6) Vim yog qhov loj ntawm Neutron lub caij ntawm dysprosium lub caij, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv atomic lub zog kev lag luam los ntsuas neutron spectra lossis raws li neutron ua haujlwm.
(7) DY3al5o12 kuj tseem siv tau ua cov khoom siv ua haujlwm sib nqus rau cov tub yees sib luag. Nrog rau kev txhim kho kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, daim ntawv thov cov ntawv thov yuav txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv thiab txuas ntxiv.
(8) Dysprosium sib xyaw Nanofibers muaj lub zog siab thiab thaj chaw thaj tsam, yog li lawv tuaj yeem siv los ntxiv dag zog rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv lossis ua cov khoom siv. Cua sov ua cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm dybr3 thiab naf ntawm 450 bar siab rau 17 teev mus rau 450 ° C tuaj yeem tsim dysprosium fluoride fibers. Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem nyob hauv ntau cov kev daws teeb meem aqueous rau ntau tshaj 100 teev tsis muaj kev xaus lossis sib sau ua ke ntawm qhov kub tshaj 400 ° C.
(9) cua sov rwb thaiv tsev DemagnetyizS cov tub yees txias, nrog rau dysprosium gallet (DAG) GARNET (DAG), thiab Dysprosium Hlau Garnet (DYIG).
(10) Dysprosium cadmium oxide pawg elounds yog infrared hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem siv los kawm txog kev siv tshuaj lom neeg. Dysprosium thiab nws cov lus teb muaj cov khoom sib nqus muaj zog, ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig hauv cov ntaub ntawv cia xws li tsav tsheb nyuaj.
(11) Cov neeg neodymium ib feem ntawm neodymium hlau boron cov hlau nplaum tuaj yeem hloov nrog dysprosium ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab txhim kho cov cua sov ua kom dhau ntawm cov hlau nplaum. Nws yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov nrog kev xav tau cov kev yuav tsum muaj xws li lub tsheb hluav taws xob tsav tsheb. Cov tsheb uas siv hom hlau nplaum no tuaj yeem muaj txog 100 gram ntawm dysprosium ib lub tsheb. Raws li Toyota txoj kev kwv yees kev kwv yees ib zaug ntawm 2 lab tsheb, nws yuav sai sai no kev ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov hlau dysprosium. Hlau nplaum hloov nrog dysprosium kuj muaj cov siab corrosion tsis kam.
(12) Dysprosium cov tebchaw tuaj yeem siv los ua catalysts hauv cov roj ua kom rov ua dua tshiab thiab tshuaj siv tshuaj lom neeg. Yog hais tias dysposium ntxiv ntxiv ua tus qauv kev txhawb nqa hauv ferrioxide ammonia synalyst, cov kev ua haujlwm catalytic thiab kub ua rau muaj kev txhim kho. Dysprosium oxide tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas yog cov khoom siv Dielectric, nrog rau cov txheej txheem ntawm MG0, cov khoom siv di0, uas tuaj yeem siv dikascers, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Lub sij hawm Post: Aug-23-2023