Huab cua, cov cim yog EU, thiab tus lej atomic yog 63. Raws li ib tug neeg ib txwm muaj + 3 lub peev xwm feem ntau, tab sis oxygen li qub kuj muaj ntau. Muaj tsawg dua cov lus sib txuas ntawm Europium nrog lub xeev valence ntawm + 2. Piv nrog lwm cov hlau hnyav, Europium tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo roj ntsha thiab yog qhov tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Cov ntawv thov feem ntau ntawm cov Europium Siv cov phosphorescence txaus nyhuv ntawm cov Europium cov tebchaw. Europium yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tsawg tshaj plaws hauv lub qab ntuj khwb; Tsuas muaj li 5 hauv lub ntiaj teb × 10-8% ntawm cov tshuaj yog cov xov xwm nthuav.
Europium tshwm sim hauv monazite
Qhov pom ntawm Europium
Zaj dab neeg pib thaum kawg ntawm 19th caug xyoo: Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb zoo tau pib sau cov lus seem seem los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas atomic upneling spectrum. Hauv kev pom niaj hnub no, txoj haujlwm no tsis yog qhov nyuaj, thiab tus tub ntxhais kawm tau tiav tuaj yeem ua tiav; Tab sis nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tsuas yog cov twj uas muaj cov khoom siv tsawg thiab cov qauv uas tau ua kom dawb huv. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tag nrho keeb kwm ntawm kev tshawb pom ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm cov lus qhia, txhua "Qasi" Cov neeg pom tau khaws cia kev thov cuav thiab sib cav sib ceg.
Xyoo 1885, Sir William croses nrhiav pom thawj zaug tab sis tsis meej meej teeb liab ntawm lub ntsiab lus 63: nws pom ib qho teeb meem liab liab (609 nm) hauv lub samarium qauv. Nruab nrab ntawm 1892 thiab 1893, tus tswv yim pom ntawm gallium, samarium, thiab dysposium, tau lees tias Band band ntsuab (535 nm).
Tom ntej no, nyob rau xyoo 1896, cov lus nug yog ib qho kev ua siab phem cais samarium oxide thiab lees paub qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm lub ntiaj teb uas tsis tshua muaj nyob ntawm Samarium thiab Gadolinium. Nws ntse cais cov ntsiab lus no nyob rau xyoo 1901, khij qhov kawg ntawm kev nrhiav tsis pom: "Kuv vam tias yuav muaj lub cim tshiab, nrog cov cim EU thiab cov atomic loj ntawm 151."
Kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob
Electron Configuration:
1s2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 4S2 3P6 4PS2 4D10 5P6 5F7
Txawm hais tias covopium feem ntau yog talivent, nws yog nquag tsim cov lus sib txuas lus sib dhos. Qhov tshwm sim no txawv ntawm kev tsim ntawm + 3 lub laj thawj muaj los ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov lus. Diasentent Europium muaj kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob ntawm 4f7, raws li SEMI FILL muab kev ruaj khov ntau dua, thiab Europium (II) yog qhov zoo sib xws. Daivlient Europium yog tus neeg sawv cev me me uas oxidizes rau hauv huab cua los ua ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm Europium (III). Nyob rau hauv Anaerobic tej yam kev mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov cua muaj cua sov, muaj ib yam kev lom zem Europium txaus ruaj khov thiab nyhav kom tau koom ua ke rau hauv cov calcium thiab lwm yam me me lub ntiaj teb cov zaub mov. Cov txheej txheem sib pauv hluav taws xob no yog lub hauv paus ntawm "kev tsis zoo Eurondine Anomaly", piv txwv li cov txiv ntoo ntawm cov txiv neej xws li monazite muaj cov ntsiab lus nquag. Piv rau monazite, bastnaesite feem ntau yog cov khoom pov thawj tsawg dua cov Euroocium Aomalies, yog li bastnaesite kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Europium.
Europium yog ib qho hlau grey hlau nrog lub ntsiab lus melting ntawm 822 ° C, thiab qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntom ntom, thiab feem ntau qhov tsis tshua muaj zog ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig. Europium yog cov hlau hluav taws xob nquag ntawm cov av tsis tshua muaj: ntawm kev kub taub hau, nws tam sim ntawd oxidized rau hauv cov hmoov; Hnov mob tsausmuag nrog dej txias kom tsim kom muaj hydrogen roj; Europium tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog Boron, carbon, leej faj, phosphorus, hydrogen, nitrogen, thiab lwm yam.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm Europium
Europium sulfate emits liab fluorescence nyob rau hauv Ultraviolet Lub Teeb
Georges urbain, ib tug txiv neej tsis txaus ntseeg, tau txais A Cosphorescent zoo nkauj heev ntawm Europmium phosphorescent cov ntaub ntawv - Tsis tsuas yog siv rau emit liab teeb, tab sis kuj pom xiav, vim hais tias lub emission spectrum ntawm EU2 + poob nyob rau hauv ntau no.
Lub phosphor muaj yees ntawm liab EU3 +, ntsuab TB3 +, thiab xiav Eu2 + Emitters, lossis kev sib txuas ntawm lawv, tuaj yeem hloov Ultraviolet lub teeb rau hauv pom kev pom. Cov ntaub ntawv no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau cov twj paj nruag hauv ntiaj teb no: x-tshav paffe cov ntxaij vab tshaus lossis cov ntxaij vab tshaus.
Cov tshuaj fluorescence los ntawm kev sib tw yog qhov ua tau zoo los ntawm cov kab mob organic, thiab cov nyom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, xws li kev tawm tsam inks thiab barcodes.
Txij li thaum xyoo 1980, Europium tau ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsom xam ntawm Biopharmaceutical siv sijhawm-daws tau fluorescence txheej txheem. Hauv feem ntau ntawm cov tsev kho mob thiab kho mob chaw ua haujlwm, cov kev tshawb fawb no tau dhau los ua kev coj ua. Hauv kev tshawb fawb txog lub neej science, suav nrog kev ua roj ntsha muaj roj ntsha, fluorescent piological probents ua los ntawm Europium thiab lwm yam lus Lanthhanide yog ubiquitous. Hmoov zoo, ib phaus ntawm Eureplicium yog qhov txaus los txhawb nqa kwv yees li ntawm tsoomfwv billional, tom qab tsoomfwv Asmeskas txwv tsis pub muaj kev hem thawj rau cov ntawv thov no.
Europium oxide yog siv raws li kev ua kom pom tseeb thosphor hauv kev kuaj mob xoo hluav taws xob tshiab. Cov tshuaj pleev xim Europium kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom siv xim av thiab cov khoom siv tswj cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm atomic reactors. Vim tias nws atoms tuaj yeem nqus tau ntau yam neutrons ntau dua li lwm cov khoom, nws feem ntau siv ua ib qho khoom siv rau cov tshuaj neutrons hauv atomic reactors.
Hauv kev nthuav dav tam sim no nrawm, cov ntawv thov tau tshawb pom nyuam qhuav dhau los ntawm Europium yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias plastics doped nrog muaj cov neeg tooj dej Europium thiab tsis sib xws hloov lub hnub ci ntsa iab hauv lub teeb pom kev. Tus txheej txheem no yog ntsuab heev (nws yog cov xim sib ntxiv ntawm liab). Kev siv hom yas no los tsim lub tsev cog khoom tuaj yeem ua rau cov nroj tsuag kom pom ntau dua lub teeb thiab nce qoob loo qoob loo ntau ntxiv los ntawm kwv yees li 10%.
Cov Europium tseem tuaj yeem siv rau Quantum nco cov chips, uas tuaj yeem tso tawm cov ntaub ntawv rau ntau hnub nyob rau ib lub sijhawm. Cov no tuaj yeem pab cov ntaub ntawv rhiab rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv ib lub cuab yeej zoo ib yam li ib lub hard disk thiab xa tawm thoob plaws lub tebchaws.
Lub sij hawm Post: Jun-27-2023