Bastnaesite
Neodymium, atomic tooj 60, atomic hnyav 144.24, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm 0.00239% nyob rau hauv lub crust, feem ntau tam sim no nyob rau hauv monazite thiab bastnaesite. Muaj xya isotopes ntawm neodymium nyob rau hauv qhov:neodymium142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, thiab 150, nrog neodymium 142 muaj cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws. Nrog yug ntawmpraseodymiumkeeb,neodymiumlub ntsiab kuj tshwm sim. Qhov tuaj txog ntawmneodymiumelement tau qhib lubtsawg ntiaj tebteb, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lubtsawg ntiaj tebteb, thiab tswj lubtsawg ntiaj tebkev ua lag luam.
Lub Discovery ntawmNeodymium
Karl von Welsbach (1858-1929), tus neeg tshawb nrhiavNeodymium
Xyoo 1885, Austrian chemist Carl Auer von Welsbach nrhiav pomneodymiumhauv Vienna. Nws caisneodymiumthiabpraseodymiumlos ntawm symmetricalneodymiumCov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev sib cais crystalline ammonium dinitrate tetrahydrate los ntawm nitric acid, thiab cais lawv los ntawm kev tsom xam spectral. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog txog xyoo 1925 uas lawv tau sib cais hauv daim ntawv dawb huv.
Txij li xyoo 1950s, high-purity (tshaj 99%)neodymiumFeem ntau tau txais los ntawm ion txauv txheej txheem ntawm monazite. Cov hlau nws tus kheej yog tau los ntawm electrolysis ntawm nws cov ntsev halide. Tam sim no, feem ntauneodymiumyog muab rho tawm los ntawm Bastana pob zeb (Ce, La, Nd, Pr) CO3F thiab purified los ntawm hnyav extraction. Ion pauv purification yog tshwj tseg rau kev npaj siab tshaj plaws purity (feem ntau> 99.99%). Vim qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kab kawg ntawmpraseodymiumnyob rau hauv lub era ntawm manufacturing cia siab rau step-by-step crystallization technology, thaum ntxovneodymiumiav tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1930s muaj ib tug purer ntshav los yog txiv kab ntxwv hue tshaj li niaj hnub versions.
Neodymium hlauNws muaj qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm cov xim hlau nplaum, qhov chaw melting ntawm 1024 ° C, thiab qhov ntom ntawm 7.004g / cm³, Nws muaj paramagnetism.Neodymiumyog ib qho ntawm cov nquag nquagtsawg ntiaj teb hlau, uas sai sai oxidizes thiab darkens nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, tsim ib tug oxide txheej uas ces peels tawm, exposing hlau rau ntxiv oxidation. Yog li ntawd, ib tug centimeter lojneodymiumqauv yog oxidized kiag li nyob rau hauv ib xyoos. React maj mam hauv dej txias thiab sai sai hauv dej kub.
Neodymiumhluav taws xob layout
Electronic layout:
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f4
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm laserneodymiumyog vim qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm 4f orbital electrons ntawm ntau qib zog. Cov khoom siv laser no tau siv dav hauv kev sib txuas lus, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, kev kho mob, kev ua tshuab, thiab lwm yam. Ntawm lawv,yttrium aluminiumgarnet Y3Al5O12: Nd (YAG: Nd) yog dav siv rau nws cov kev ua tau zoo heev, nrog rau Nd dopedgadolinium nyob rau hauv cov ntshav scandiumgallium garnet nrog kev ua haujlwm siab dua.
Daim ntawv thov ntawmneodymium
Cov neeg siv loj tshaj plaws ntawmneodymiumyog neodymium hlau boron ruaj khov hlau nplaum khoom. Neodymium hlau boron hlau nplaum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib nqus zoo thiab paub tias yog "tus huab tais ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov". Lawv tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li electronics thiab machinery vim lawv cov kev ua tau zoo heev. Francis Wall, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm kev siv mining ntawm Cumburn Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Mining ntawm University of Exeter hauv UK, tau hais tias: "Hais txog cov hlau nplaum, tsis muaj kev sib tw nrog.neodymium” Txoj kev vam meej ntawm Alpha magnetic spectrometer cim tias Tuam Tshoj ntau yam khoom sib nqus ntawm neodymium hlau boron hlau nplaum tau mus txog qib ntiaj teb.
Neodymium hlau nplaum ntawm hard disk
Neodymiumtuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom siv ceramics, cov iav ci paj yeeb, cov khoom siv rubies hauv lasers, thiab cov iav tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem lim cov kab hluav taws xob infrared. Siv ua ke nrogpraseodymiumlos ua tsom iav rau iav tshuab cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Ntxiv 1.5% rau 2.5% nanoneodymium oxide hmoovrau magnesium los yog aluminium alloys tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev ua haujlwm kub, airtightness, thiab corrosion kuj ntawm alloy, thiab yog dav siv los ua cov khoom siv hauv aerospace.
Nanometeryttrium aluminiumgarnet doped nrogneodymium oxide hmoovgenerates luv yoj laser beams, uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam rau vuam thiab txiav nyias cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib tug tuab ntawm tsawg tshaj li 10 hli.
Nd: YAG laser rod
Hauv kev xyaum kho mob, nanoyttrium aluminiumgarnet lasers doped nrog nanoTom ntej: High Purity 99.9% Neodymium Oxide CAS No 1313-97-9 (epomaterial.com)yog siv es tsis txhob phais phais kom tshem tawm cov qhov txhab phais los yog tshuaj tua kab mob.
Neodymiumiav yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxivneodymium oxide hmoovmus rau iav yaj. Feem ntau, lavender tshwm rauneodymiumiav nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci los yog lub teeb incandescent, tab sis nws pom lub teeb xiav nyob rau hauv lub teeb fluorescent.Neodymiumtuaj yeem siv los pleev xim cov iav iav xws li ntshiab violet, burgundy, thiab sov grey.
Neodymiumiav
Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev nthuav dav thiab txuas ntxiv ntawm cov thev naus laus zis hauv ntiaj teb tsawg,neodymiumyuav muaj qhov dav dav rau kev siv.
Post lub sij hawm: Oct-26-2023